Learning through website

Pronunciation:

Ima desu.  'It's now.'
Ima desu.  'It's a living room.'

Yonde kudasai. 'Please read (it).'
Yonde kudasai. 'Please call (him).'

Sore o kiru kara.. 'Since I'm going to cut it...'
Sore o kiru kara.. 'Since I'm going to wear it...'

Hasi desu. 'They're chopsticks.'
Hasi desu. 'It's the edge.'
Hasi desu. 'It's a bridge.'

Dekiru. 'It's possible.'
Dekiru? 'Is it possible?'

Soo desyoo. 'That's probably so.'
Soo desyoo. 'That's so, isn't it?'

Sore. "That one.'
Sore? 'That one?'

Isogasii. 'I'm busy.'
Isogasii? "Are you busy?'

Soo desu ka. "Oh.'
Soo desu ka? 'Oh?'

Tigaimasu yo. 'They're different.'
Tigaimasu yo.

Owarimashita yo. 'I've finished.'
Owarimashita yo.

Ikimasu ka? 'Are you going?'
Ikimasu ga..."I'm going, but...'

Onazi desu yo. 'They're the same.'
Onazi desu ga.."They're the same, but...'

CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONS
These are the common instructions given by a lecturer during a Japanese lessons class.1. Kiite (itte) kudasai. or                                    Please listen.
    Kiite te kudasai.                                           
2. Itte kudasai.                                                   Please say (it). 
3. Moo iti-do itte kudasai.                                  Please say (it) once more.
4. Minna de itte kudasai.                                   Please say (it) all together.
5. Hito-ri zutu itte kudasai.                                 Please say (it) one (person) at a time.
6. Motto hayaku hanasite kudasai.                     Please speak more quickly.
7. Motto hakkiri hanasite kudasai.                      Please speak more clearly.
8. Motto ooki na koe de hanasite kudasai.         Please speak in a louder voice.
9. Suzuki-san in kiite kudasai.                            Please ask Mr/s. Suzuki.
10. Kotaete kudasai.                                           Please answer.
11. Hon o minai de kudasai.                               Please don't look at your book.
12. Eego o tukawanai de kudasai.                      Please don't use English.


Su(m)imasen.                                               I'm sorry. or Thank your for your trouble. 
Su(m)imasen desita.                                    I'm sorry (for what I did). or Thank you (for the trouble you took). 
Onegai-simasu.                                           Please (speaker requesting something).
Doozo.                                                        Please (speaker offering something).
Otukaresama (desita).                                 (You must be tired!)

mura  - village
muda- uselesss

made - 'until'
mare -  rare
ma-TA        'again' 

sugi  - past
tsugi - next

tori 'bird'   
toori - avenue

 oki 'open sea'
ookii 'is big'

kite 'coming'    
kiite 'listening'  

 totte 'taking'
 tootte 'going through'

si-TE            'doing'   
si-T-TE         'knowing'    

ni-HO-Ñ-GI-ñ-ko-o    'Bank of Japan'
ya-O-YA                         'vegetable store'  

 i-P-PA-I                                    'full'
 i-P-PU-U                                   'somewhat'

Kyoo simasu ne.  - You'll do it today--right?    
 Iya, tigaimasu. Asita simasu yo. -  No, (it's different). I'll do it tomorrow.

Tukurimasita ne.   - You made it--right?     
Hai. Kinoo tukurimasita. -  Yes. I made it yesterday.

 tukurimasu           -  make, construct

Dekimasita ka.   -    All done?       
 Dekimasita. Hai. - All done. Here you are.
dekimasu               become completed; can do; be possible

Asita kimasen ne.  -  You're not coming tomorrow--right?    
Iya, kimasu yo. -  No, I am coming.

Simasen ka - Won't you do it (or play)?     
Nomimasen ka.  - Won't you have (lit.drink) some?  
Arigatoo gozaimasu. Itadakimasu. - Thank you. I will (accept).

 itadakimasu        -     I drink; I eat; I accept /polite/

Ikimasita ne.  - You went--right?         
Iie, ikimasen desita. -  No, I didn't (go)
Ikimasen ne.            -     'You're not going to go -- right?'

Sumimasen. Wakarimasen desita.   -  I'm sorry. I didn't understand.      
 Wakarimasen desita ka.-    You didn't (understand)?

SENTENCE-PARTICLES: ka, ne, yo
DEFINITION:  A sentence particle is one of a small group of words which occur only at the end of sentences; they qualify the meaning of what has preceded. They regularly follow the preceding word directly without pause

1. Ka: a question-marker; occurs at the end of both information questions (i.e.,those that ask who, what, when, where, etc.) and yes-no questions; makes a statement into a yes-no question.
2. Ne: a confirmation-seeker; with rising intonation seeks confirmation of an assumption made by the speaker: 'right?', 'don't you agree', 'isn't it?', etc.
3. Yo: a particle of assertion; common in assurances, contradictions, and warnings (to the addressee); indicates that the speaker assumes s/he is providing the addressee with new information or a new suggestion.

Dekimasen.                  'I can't do it.'
Dekimasen ka ?               'You can't do it?' 

Kimasen ka?                           'Won't you come?'

Ikimasu ka?     -Are you going to go? / Do you go?

Kyoo simasu ne?  - 'you'll do [it] today --right?

Tigaimasu. Asita simasu yo.- 'No, I'm going to do [it] tomorrow( I inform you).

Note: 'yo' added to inform something.

'ne' used to ask confirmation question.

Kyoo ikimasu ne?  - You are going to go today -- right?

Kyoo ikimasita ne?     You went today -- right?

Iya, kinoo ikimasita yo. -  No, I went yesterday ( I inform you)

Kyoo tukurimasita ne? - You made [it] today -- right?

Kinoo ikimasita ne?   - You went yesterday -- right?

Iie, asita ikimasu yo.--'No, I'm going to go tomorrow ( I inform you)

Kinoo simasita ne?  - -You did [it] yesterday -- right?

Iie, asita simasu yo - 'No, I'm going to do [it] tomorrow ( I inform you)

Wakarimasen ne?             You don't understand -- right?'

Ee, wakarimasen. Sumimasen.  -   'That's right. I don't (understand). I'm sorry.'

 Kyoo ikimasu ka?  - Are you going to go today?

Asita kimasu ka?  - Are you going to come tomorrow?

 Iya, kimasen- No, I'm not (going to come).

Kinoo kimasita ka?  - Did you come yesterday?

 Iya, kimasen desita. - No, I didn't (come).

shika - only
watashi wa yasai shika tabemasen - i eat nothing but vegetable/ I eat vegetable only.

resutorant shika tabemasen - only eat in restaurant.

temo:
-----
nan temo ee desu  - anything is ok.
nani mo tabemasen deshita - i didn't eat anything.
daremo- anyone
dokotemo/dochiratemo - anywhere

Ringo o tabetai.	I want to eat apples.
Ringo o tabetakunai.	I don't want to eat apples.
Ringo o tabetakatta.	I wanted to eat apples.
Ringo o tabetakunakatta.	I didn't want to eat apples.
Puuru de oyogimasu.	I swim at the pool.
Puuru de oyogitai.	I want to swim at the pool.
Puuru de oyogitakunai.	I don't want to swim at the pool.
Puuru de oyogitakatta.	I wanted to swim at the pool.
Puuru de oyogitakunakatta.	I didn't want to swim at the pool.

liking/fondness - suki (usually pronounced as ski) 
dislike/hate - kirai

(Watashi wa) ~ ga suki desu.	I like ~.
(Watashi wa) ~ ga kirai desu.	I hate ~.

Suika  - watermelon fruit
remon - lemon
momo- peach fruit
banana- banana

Examples:

Watashi wa momo ga suki janai desu.	I don't like peaches.
Banana ga suki janai desu.	I don't like bananas.
Suika ga suki dewa arimasen.	I don't like watermelon.
Watashi wa kare ga suki deshita.	I liked him.
Kare ga kirai janai desu.	I don't hate him.
Momo ga kirai dewa arimasen deshita.	I didn't hate peaches.
(Anata wa) ringo ga suki desu ka.	Do you like apples?
Kono neko wa inu ga kirai desu.	This cat hates dogs.

Saying that you don't like something, or that you hate something can be a little harsh, so you may wish to add the modifier amari, which, means "very much." (Amari is mostly used this way in negative sentences.) It gives the sentences a connotation of "I don't really like ~."
Examples:

Watashi wa suika ga amari suki janai desu.	I don't realy like watermelons.
Banana ga amari suki dewa arimasen.	I don't realy like bananas.

Recall that the negative forms of desu are dewa arimasen and janai desu.  Either form means the same thing, but dewa arimasen is more formal.  The past tense form is deshita. The only negative past form introduced so far has been dewa arimasen deshita, but that can be quite a mouthful. Also note that you cannot say "janai deshita." The truth is that the nai part of janai is just like the the nai found in i adjectives. So, to make the negative past form you change the nai to nakatta. Thus, it becomes janakatta or janakatta desu. Adding the desu makes the phrase slightly more formal.
Examples:

Watashi wa momo ga suki desu.	I like peaches.
Watashi wa momo ga suki janakatta desu.	I didn't like peaches.
Sore wa hon desu.	That is a book.
Sore wa hon janakatta desu.	That wasn't a book.

shimasu-to do
------------------
kaigi o shimasu - to have meeting
kaimono o shimasu - to shopping
jogingu o shimasu - to jogging
patai o shimasu - to party
tenisu o shimasu - to play tennis
shigoto o shimasu - to work
benkyo o shimasu - to study

kyou warikata-san to resutaran de ramen tabemasu - today in the restaurant, i eat raman with warikata-san.

...to ==> with

とうきょうへ/にも行きました。 -toukyo ni mo ikimashita -      I went to Tokyo as well.

Omoidasu natsu no hi  - remembering those summer day
Omoidasu haru no hi   -Remembering those those spring days 

Ganbatte kudasai. - Do your best
Daijoubu desu ka? - Are you alright?
Onegai shimasu. - Please do it. (lit. 'I beg you.') (Requesting a favor.)
Wakarimasen./Wakaranai. - I do not understand

Taihen desu ne. - that is tough is'nt it?
Shitsurei shimasu. -Excuse me. (I am rude. )
Osaki ni shitsurei shimasu. --I am being rude by leaving before you. (Said when leaving the room before someone, particularly when leaving work before others.)
Otsukare sama deshita. - (You've worked hard so) you must be tired. (Said to someone leaving work for home.)

In Japanese, a lot of set phrases are used when speaking on the phone, especially in business situations. One important phrase is "moshi moshi." It is used by the caller when the person at the other end picks up. Some people say "moshi moshi" to answer the phone, but "hai" is used more often especially in business. (Do not say 'mushi mushi' that means 'bugs, bugs' and sounds rather silly.) Moshi moshi can also be said when you think that the caller cannot hear you or to make sure the caller is still on the line.

Before hanging up the phone it is common to say shitsurei shimasu or shitsurei itashimasu. This indicates that you are about to hang up.

Ogura-san wa irasshaimasu ka. -Is Mr./Ms. Ogura there?

Chotto wakarimasen.  - i am not sure.

Motto yukkuri hanashite kudasai.- Please speak more slowly.

Mou ichido itte kudasai. - Please say it again/ please come again

Iie, chigaimasu. --No, you're mistaken. (Use this when people have dialed the wrong number.)

Help!

English	Japanese
Help!	Tasukete!
Fire!	Kaji da!
Call the police!	Keisatsu o yonde!
Get a doctor!	Isha o yonde!
Call an ambulance!	Kyuukyuusha o yonde!
Call the fire department!	Shoubousho o yonde!
Come quickly!	Isoide kite!
Go away!	Atchi e ike!
Give it back!	Kaeshite-kure!
Theif!	Dorobou!
Don't touch me!	Sawaranaide!
I'm lost.	Michi ni mayoimashita.
I'm ill.	Kibun ga suguremasen.
I'm hurt.	Kega shite shimaimashita.
Please help me.	Tasukete kudasai.

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/JLPT_Guide/JLPT_N4_Vocabulary/Row_A

Sentences and other learnings

Murasaki - lavendor color
kiiro - yellow
momoiiro - rose
midori - green
ao - blue
aka- red
shiro - white
haiiro - gray
chairo - brown


gyuunyuu - milk
herushii - healthy
nomimono - drink
tabemono -food

asagohan ni wa nani ga tabetai desu ka? - what would you like to have for breakfast?
ohiru gohan - lunch
ban gohan- dinner
kouhi wa nomi masuka - do u drink coffee?
kouhi ni satou wa ire masu ka- do u want sugar with coffee?
nanno - what kind of

ocha ni wa miruku to satou o  kudasai - please tea with milk and sugar.
ocha no jikan desu ka? - is it time for tea break?
watashi wa totemo onaka ga suite imasu - i  am very hungry

furaido chikin o tabe ta  koto ga arimasuka - have you ever tried fried chicken?

ringo juusu o nonde imasu - i am drinking apple juice.

kazoku- family
okaasan- mother
otousan-father
onisan - older brother
onesan - older sister
otouto - younger brother
imouto - younger sister

xxx+ka =indefinite verbs
nanika-something
dokoka-somewhere
dareka=someone
itsuka- sometime


oshiete kudasai - please teach

~mashou ka?  ==shall we ~?
mashou -> let's
Ex:
ikimashou - let's go?
ikimasou ka -  Shall we go?

doko de aimashou ka- where shall we meet?
resutoran de aimashou - let's meet at restaurant.

nani o tabemashou ka? - what shall we eat?
tenpura o tabemashou - let's eat tempura.

doko e ikimasou ka - where shall we go?
umi e ikimasou - let's go to the ocean.

tenki -weather
hare - sunni
kumori -cloudy
ame - rainy
yuki -snowy
kaze- windy
kaminari - thunder

mada fuji san wa miemasen ka? - not yet fuji mountain visible?
ie, sorosoro miero deshou - soon will be visible.
sorosoro - soon

mizo tsumetakatta deshou -

Go zonjidesu ka - do you know onething?
is a polite way of asking somebody is they know something

それは　にほんごで　なんと　いいますか。-sore wa nihongo de nanto iimasuka?
What do you call that in Japanese?

shitsuri shimasu - good bye --???
itte kudasai - please say it---??
ゆっくり　はなして　ください。 - please speak slowly

yama-san ima uchi ni imasu - Mr. yama is in house now.
watachi wa asita umi ni ikimasu - i'll goto beach tomorrow
kesa nomura-san ni aimashita - today morning i met nomura-san.

tanaka-san wa kuruma o kaimashita- tanaka-san bought car
itsu nihin ni ikimsasuka - when will u go to japan?
itsu sono keitai wa kaimasita - when did u buy the mobile?
asita kaimoni ni ikimasenka - shall we go shopping tomorrow?

hima na toki - in (my) spare time

tsukurimasu - to make, produce, manufacture, build, construct

yoku -often, frequently

Gyuuniku  - beef

Gyuunyuu - milk

Kome - rice

Mineraru uootaa - minaral water

Indo kara nihon ni kita- I came from India.
kare ni tegami o kutta - i send a letter to him
sore ga omoshiroi desu - this is interesting.

Note:
Japanese people count numbers by folding fingers from thumb to little finger. The original character X (Roman numeral 10) symbolizes fingers crossing each other.

Weak5 - Nishikasai with University Professor

This week we went to attend an meeting with  university professor. He teaches to the language teachers how to teach Japanese language in easy way without using English to communicate.

It was really nice experience. We were given a model teaching lesson.

Items he sowed:
Plane - Kikouki
watch - tokei
shirt - fuku
Umbrella - kasa
window - mado
chair - isu
rice - gohan
bread - pan
cigarette -tabako
Dictionary - Jisho
newspaper - shinbun

shitsumon - question
kotae - answer


4 kind of questions:
----------------------
1. kore wa tabako desuka ? pen desuka?
 kore wa pen desu.

2. kore wa pen desu ka?
 Hai, sou desu.

3. kore wa tabako desu ka?
iie. Kore wa tabako dewa arimasen.

4. kore wa nan desuka?
kore wa tokei desu.

4 types of sentences:
-----------------------
1. mono - items
2. hito - person
3. dokoro - place
4. toki - time

we will have 4 kind of above questions for the above 4 types.
ex: for person
1. kono hito wa  tanaka-san desu ka? suzuki-san desu ka?
 kone hito wa tanakasan desu.

2. kono hito wa suzuki-san desuka?
 hai sou desu.

etc.

dare - who
dore - which
doko - where
nanji - what time?
nan yobi - what day?
nangatsu - what month?
nannen -  what year?
donna -

colors - iro
kuroi - black
aoi - blue
akai- red
shiroi - white

nan iro - waht color?
nan iro no pen desu ka?  - what color pen is it?


Fukushuu - Reviewing
mazu - first of all
  This week my sensei reviewed previous subjects.

kiyou wa mazu fukushuu - First of all we will review.

yoshu - please study
sakushuu - benkyou - study
shu - study

zhou- elephant
zhou wa ookii - Elephant is big.
kirin - giraffe(ஒட்டகசிவிங்கி)
kirin wa takaii - giraffee is tall.

yuki - snow ; yubi - finger
kaki - sliced
kakigori - sliced ice

shikan - test
kono shikan wa yasahi. - this test is easy.
senpuki - fan
senpuki wa suzuki desu - fan is cooler.
heeta wa attatakai - heater is hot.

jimusho - office
kaisha- company

karoke ga jouzna hito - excellent karoke singer/person.

hetana - not good at...
kireina - clean/beautiful
kitanai - dirty
kitanai kutsu -Dirty shoe
kireina ao sota - beautiful blue sky
ao- blue
kawa no mizu wa kitanai - river water is dirty.

Rei -Example
okani - anyother
nani ga okani rei-ga arimasuka? - Any other example?

genkina- fine/healthy
genki janai - not healthy
genkina hito - healthy active person
genki janai hito - unhealthy person

tsuite - follow
watashi no atoni suite kudasai - please follow after me.

omii kaban / kaban ga omoii
sega kikuii
sega takai

takai fuku/ ano fuku wa takai
atsui natsu/natsu wa atsui

tsukaretta - tired
otsukare sama - (say this before leaving out of office)
 sama- like 'san'

sannen desuka - it is a pitty(not good)
totemo sannen - it is very pitty

zasshi - megazine
shou setsu - Novel/story
repoto - report
nikki - Diary
Jisho - Dictionary
Rajio - Radio

Eiga- movie
Eiga wo mimasu - watching movie

Engeki -drama
amaimono - sweet

keitai denwa - mobile phone
Daigaku - university

youchien - kinder garden - 3 to 5 years old
hoikuen - lower kinder garden - 1 to 5 years old
Shogakou - elementry school -6 to 12
Chugakou - Junior high school - 13 to 15 years old
Kotogakou - Higher school - 15 to 18years old


chukoku - china
kankoku - korea
Doitsu - germany
Igirisu - England
Firipin - Fillipines
supain - spain
Indo - india
nihon - Japan

Uchi e kaerimasu/ uchi ni kaerimasu - returning to home.