Dai 3ka - lesson 3

Bun kei:
1. kokowa shokudou desu. -here is dining hall(canteen).
2. denwa wa asoko desu. -telephone is there.

Reibun:
1. koko wa shinosaka desu ka?
hai, sou desu
2.otearai wa doko desuka
asoko desu
3.yamanishi san doko desuka
jimusho desu. - she is in office
4.erebe-ta wa dochiradesuka
sochira desu
5.[o]kuni wa dochira desuka -where is your country?
amerika desu
6.sorewa dokono kutsu desuka? - where is the shoe made up of?
itariano kutsu desu. - made up of Italy
7.kono Dokei wa ikura desuka - howmuch is that watch?
18,600en desu



Vocabulary:

kyoushitsu - classroom
shokudou - dining hall, canteen
jimusho -office
kaigishitsu - conference room , assembly room
Ukekke - Reception desk

robi -lobby
heya-room
toire- toilet
kaiden - staircase
erebe-ta - elevator,lift
esukare-ta - escalator
O kuni - country
kaisha - company
Uchi - House
Denwa - Telephone
Kutsu - shoes
nekutai - necktie
wain - wine
tabako - tobacco cigrette
Uriba - Department, counter (in a department)

chika - basement
-kai -> -th floor
Nangai/Nankai - what floor?
-en --> -yen
ikura - how much
Hyaku - hundred
sen - thousand
man - ten thousand
Degozaimasu - polite equivalent of `desu`
-O misete kudasai -> please show me__
ja - well, then, in that case
__O kudasai -> give me __ please

tatte - stand up
suwatte - sit down
kocchi kitte - come here
sugoi - excellent
kore wa sugoku ii (desu) - is is so good
ii ne -nice
ii desu -fine
dai jyou bu -OK
waruku nai ne- not bad
kaado wa totte- take a card
hayaku - hurry up
tanoshikatta ne- that was fun, wasn`t it?
dou itashi mashite- you are welcome
mite - look
kite- listern
kore wa nani - what is this
eigo de - In english
ichiban suki na..wa? - what is your favourite ?


ashita- tomorrow
kinou - yesterday
kyou -today

raishuu - next week
konshuu - this week
senshuu-last week

raigetsu - next month
kongetsu - this month
sengetsu -last month

rainen -next year
kotoshi - this yera
kyonen - last year

monday --getsu youbi
Tuesday --ka youbi
Wednesday--sui youbi
Thursday --moku youbi
Friday - kin youbi
Saturday - do youbi
Sunday --nichi youbi

January -ichi gatsu
February -ni gatsu
March - san gatsu
April - shi gatsu
May -go gatsu
June -roku gatsu
July -shichi gatsu
August -hachi gatsu
September -ku gatsu
October -jyu gatsu
November -jyu ichi gatsu
December -jyu ni gatsu

chotto wakarimasen - I am not sure
tabun - maybe
mata kondo! - see you next time
sayonara- see you later
nai wo shite imasuka - what are you doing?
doko e iki masuka? - where r u going
tanjoubi wa itsu desuka- when is ur birthday?
doko ne sude imasuka- where do u live

Katakana English

Long vowel sounds:
Katakana uses a - character after a syllable to lengthen the vowel sound. To pronounce this correctly, just hold the vowel for an extra beat.

biru - building
bi-ru - beer(pronounced as biiru)

Foreign words:
Probably the most important use of katakana is for writing words of foreign origin. Most foreign words are quite easy to represent using Japanese sounds, but there are plenty of foreign sounds which have no direct equivalent in Japanese.


ra / la:
The katakana ra/ ri/ ru/ re/ /ro are used to represent both ra / ri / ru / re / ro and also la / li / lu / le / lo.

ieroo - yellow

fa / fi / fu / fe / fo:
The only Japanese syllable to start with an English f-sound is fu; there's no single character for any of fa, fi, fe or fo. You can expect to see the katakana for ha, hi, he and ho used instead (as in ko-hi, above) but you will also see, in some katakana words, fu followed by a small vowel:

famirii maato - Family Mart (convenience store chain)

ba / va:
The consonant v doesn't exist in Japanese - instead, the katakana for ba / bi / bu / be / bo are used. Hence bideo (video), One interesting alternative, though, which seems to be becoming more common these days, is the use of a katakana u plus two dashes in the top-right corner (like a voiced ga or da, for instance) to represent the (non-Japanese) syllable vu:

vo-karisuto - vocalist

Now, from a linguistic point of view, this is nonsense - there's no such thing as a voiced or unvoiced vowel. So don't think of it that way - just remember that u plus two dashes is vu. As the above example suggests, this vu syllable can be combined with a small vowel to produce va / vi / ve / vo - but in practice, ba / bi / bu / be / bo are much more common.

w-sounds and y-sounds:
The only Japanese syllables starting with a w-sound are wa and wo. Even then, the katakana for wo isn't used very often. Instead you can expect to see a katakana u followed by a small i, e or o. Similarly, a ye sound tends to be written with a katakana i followed by a small e:


uo-kuman - Walkman (TM)

th:
There's no th-sound in Japanese. Z-sounds or s-sounds are typically used instead.

Ex: "The Beach" -> "za biichi".
The name Gareth is spelled garesu in katakana.

open syllables:
Most syllables in Japanese are open; that is, they end in a vowel sound. In fact, the only closed syllable is n. This means that, unless a word ends in a vowel or an n,
Ex: Chris -> kurisu. Similarly, Paul becomes po-ru; three syllables and with an extraneous -u sound on the end.





Vocabulary:
Sutaa-to - Start
nekutai - necktie
erebe-ta - elevator,lift
esukare-ta - escalator
toire- toilet
ka-do - Card
terehonka-do - Telephone card
no-to - notebookbo-rupen - ballpoint pen
kamera- camera
konpyu-ta -computer
chokore-to - chocolate
ko-hi - coffee
bideo - video
sakka - soccer
wain - wine

ie- eye
ki-key(kagi in hiragana)
ko-ku- coke
kisu- kiss
kesu- case
tesuto - test
aisu- ice
ko-to - coat
a-to -art
auto -out
na-su - nurse
hani - honey
hitto - hit
fuan - fan(fua is pronounced as fa not fua)
ha-fu - half
man- man
mi-to - meat
mekishiko -mexico
yafu - yahoo
toyota- toyota
aisukuri-mu- icecream
terebi -TV
haro- - hello
hawai - hawaii island
tawa- - tower
chikin - chicken
ko-n - corn
washinton - washington

biru - building
biiru - beer
famirii maato- family mart
ieroo - yellow

hanbaagaa - Hamburger
makudonarudo - McDonald

ドル - doro - Doller(US doller
セント - sento - cent
ケーキ = kekki- cake
フィルム - firumu -film

Dai 2ka(Lesson 2)

I started to learn Hiragana from the second lesson itself.
My sensei is very nice. She teach me Nihongo very well. I am the only one student in the class. So I can not move anywhere in the class aand my concentration will be on the class.

　

I can not type japanese character in this editor. so I am going to use only Romaji characters.

Bunkei:
1.kore wa jisho desu - it is dictionary.
2.kore wa kon(m)byoto no hon desu - it is book about computer
3.sore wa watashi no desu. - that is mine
4.kono kasa wa watashi no desu. - this umbrella is mine.
note: kono/sono/ano must be used before a Noun. but kore/sore/are must be used without noun and used as pronoun.

Reibun:
1.kore wa terefonka-do desuak?
Hai, sou desu.
2.sore wa no-to desuka? - Is it notebook?
iie. sou ja arimasen. techou desu. - no,it is not notebook. it is a packet notebook.
Note:
`Sou ja` is used for negative sentence. it is like sou desu for positive sentence.
we can use `dewa`also for negative sentence as learned in lesson 1.
i.e iie, sore wa no-to dewa arimasen.

3.sore wa nan desuka? - what is that?
kore wa meishi desu - it is business card.

4.kore wa 9 desuka, 7 desuka? - Is it 9 or 7?
9 desu. - it is 9

5. sore wa nanno zasshi desuka? - what kind of magazine is that?
jidousa zasshi desu. - it is Car magazine.

6. are wa Dareno kaban desuka? - whose brifcase is that?
Sato-san no kaban desu.
7. kono kasa wa anatano desuka? - is that umbrella yours?
iie, wathashi no ja arimasen.
Note: ja is a marker which is used for negative sentence.
8.kono kagi wa dareno desuka? -
wathashi no desu.

Note:
`no` can be used for of, about, for,...etc

words learned today:

Jisho -Dictionary
hon -book
kasa - umbrella
meishi - business card
nano - about what (or) what kind of
zasshi - magazine
dareno - whose
dare- who
kaban - briefcase or small bag
jidousha - Car or automobile
kuruma- Car
techou - Pocket notebook
shinbun - newspaper
ka-do- card

tenki - whether
kyo wa ii tenki desu - today climate is good
kino - yesterday
enpitsu - pencil

tokei - watch, clock
takai - expensive

isha - Doctor
kaisa - company or office
asa - morning
yoru - night
Gohan - rice
Left - hidari
right - migi
in front - mae
straight- masuku
masuku itte- go straight
back - ushiro
up/top - uae
down/bottom - sta
next - tsugi
chopsticks - hashi

beautiful - kirei
dirty - kitanai
noisy - urusai
quiet - shizuka
tasty - oishii
costly - takai

koko - here, this place
soko - there, that place near you
asoko - that place over there
doko - where, what place
polite ways of above 4
kochira - this way, this place (polite eq for koko)
sochira - that way, that place near you
achira - that way, that place over there
dochira - which way, where
write - kakimasu
read - yomimasu
eat - tabemasu
drink - nomimasu
go - ikimasu

last - tsuten
near - chakagu

different - chigai
same - onaji

terehonka-do - telephone card
bo-rupen - ballpoint pen

tsukue - desk
isu - chair
chokore-to - chocolate
ko-hi - coffee
sou- so
chigaimasu - no,it is wrong/you are wrong
anou - well(used to show hesitation)
douzo arigatou gozaimasu - thank you very much
douzo - please(used when offerig something to someone)
doumo - well, thanks
kochirakoso yuroshiku - I am pleased to meet you.(response to douzo yuroshiku)

nan de- why
itsu -when
itsumo - always
doki doki-sometime
nani -what
dou - how is it?
doko kara- where are you from?
doko kara kimashitaka? - where were you from coming?
suki -do you like?

Onigaishimasu - i will take it(we can say after purchase)
heya- room/it is an organization of sumo wrestlers where they train and live.

ai - love
ii-good
au - to meet
iu - to say
e - picture
ie - house
iie -no
ao - blue color
ou - king
akai- red color
kao - face
ookii - big
eki -station
ku - number 9
iku - to go
kuuki - air
ke - hair
ko - child
kuukou - airport
sake- japanese alcoholic drink
asa - morning
kesa - this morning
kasa - umbrella
ishi -stone
ashi -leg
oishii - delicious
isu -chair
sushi - japanese raw fish
suki - like someone or something
seki -chair(same as isu)
ase -sweet
uso -lie, not true
kaitaa - cellphone
uta - song
ichi - number 1
shichi number 7
kuchi -mouth
chichi - father
itsu - when
atsui - hot
kutsu - shoe
te - hand
oto - sound
ato -later(Rei:ato uchi de ikimasu-later will go to house)
soto- outside

eiga- movie
eigo - English language
shumi - hobby
nihongo ga suki desu - I like Japanese language


Note: Gambarimasyou - written as ganbarimasyo.
letter `m` is takes as `n`.

Dai 1Ka - Lesson 1

Bunkei(sentence structure):
1. watashi wa Augy desu. - I am Augy
2. Narong-san wa Nihon-jin dewa arimasen. - Narong-san is not japanese.
3. Ali-san wa Kenshusei desu ka - Is Ali-san trainee?
4. Lee-san mo Kenshusei desu. - Lee-san too trainee.

Reibun(Example sentence): Rei-Example, Bun-Sentence

Today I learnt new words:
Dai 1ka- Lesson 1
Nan-sai - How old?
Nan-ji - what time?
jikan - time
Ano hito - That person
Otoko - male
Kanajo - female
Kono - This
suru -do, suru noga-doing(noga is added for continuous tense)
Bun - sentence
Bunkei - sentence structure
Reibun - Example sentence
Rei -Example
Kenshusei - Trainee
Kaisa - office
dewa arimasan - no(used for negative sentence)- opposite to `Arimasu`
Renshu - Practice
denki - electricity
dare - who
Benkyou - study

Osu - Push(ex:door)
hiku - pull

kaiten - open
heitan - closed

Other than subject:
shitte imasu ka- Do you know
Wakarimasu ka - Do u understand
Benkyou shimasu - we will study(future) or we study(present)
Minasan - Mr.all
Dozo Yoroshiku -
Hajimemashite - have to say at first meeting.

Note:
Prasent and future sentence is same in Japanese.

ReiBun:
1. Anata wa siva desu ka?
Iie, wathashi wa siva dewa arimasen (or) Chigaimasu
or
Hai, wathashi wa Siva desu (or) so desu
Note: dewa arimasen is very formal
so we can say `ja nai desu`.

2. Tanaka-san wa Nan-sai desuka? - How old Tanaka-san?
3. Yonde kudasai - Please read.
4. Kanojo wa hon o yonde imasu.- She is reading a book.
5. Shitte imasuka - Do you know?
6. Wakarimasu ka - Do u understand?
7. So desu ka! - Oho I see!
8. Siva-san o shitte imasu ka? - Do you know siva?
9. Benkyou shimasu - I will study or I study.



Numbers:
1. from 0 to 10:
Ichi, ni, shi(san),yon, go, roku, shichi(nana), hachi,kyu(ku),ju

2. 10,20,30,100,200,1000,2000,10000,20000
ju, niju, hayaku, nihayaku, sen,nisen, ichiman, niman.

For flat and thin objects, the counter word is まい (mai). So you will say シャツにまい (sha tsu ni mai) for two shirts, and you will say かみさんまい (ka mi san mai) for three pieces of papers. For heavy equipment the counter word is だい (dai). Therefore you will say くるまごだい (ku ru ma go dai) for five cars.

Count 1-10 Non Specified Things!

• These “counters” are almost exclusively used for non-animate (non-moving) things.
• These can be used before the verb without a particle, or before the item they describe with a の.

1. ひとつ (1 Thing)
2. ふたつ (2 Things)
3. みっつ (3 Things)
4. よっつ (4 Things)
5. いつつ (5 Things)
6. むっつ (6 Things)
7. ななつ (7 Things)
8. やっつ (8 Things)
9. ここのつ (9 Things)
10. とう (10 Things)

Tables for Japanese Numbers

Table for numbers from 0 to 90

The table above shows the numbers from zero to ninety. Take note of the highlighted numbers where there are two different pronunciations.

Table for numbers from 100 to 1,000,000,000,000

Introduction - Japanese

Japanese is easy to read and speak but it is difficult to writing Kanji letters since Kanji character is morae than 4000 and difficult to draw and need more Practice.

Japanese is very interesting to learn. You have to speak and use very ploite words while speaking otherwise japanese thing that you are so rude and dangerous.

There are 3 kind of character set.
1. Hirakana
2. Katakana
3. Kanji

In general people mix the 3 kinds of characters while writing.
Normally Katakana is used for Foreigner names and words derived from foreign and newest japanese words.

Japanese often use titles of the person referred to where pronouns would be used in English. For example, when speaking to one's teacher, it is appropriate to use sensei (先生, teacher), but inappropriate to use anata. This is because anata is used to refer to people of equal or lower status, and one's teacher has higher status.

Tanaka-san usually means Mr./Mrs./Miss. Tanaka.

Hiragana:
wa / ha:
The particle wa (topic marker, usually translated "as for...") is written using the hiragana character (ha), not (wa) . So when you see a , how are you supposed to know whether to pronounce it ha or wa? The answer is "context", and it's something I can't really help you with. If the sentence would make sense with a particle, then it's wa. If the character is clearly part of an entire word, it's ha.

hagakiwa
hagaki wa... ("as for the postcards...")

e / he:
The particle e ("to" / "towards") is written using the hiragana character (he), not (e). As with ha / wa above, then, the context of the sentence will tell you whether to pronounce as he or e.

tsu:
With the addition of the small tsu just in front of it, the ko has its initial k-sound "doubled"; instead of kakou we get something more like kak-kou. Another example, but this time the doubled consonant is the t-sound from to:

hato hato (pigeon)
has small tsu = tto hatto (a ban, prohibition)
Note: Tsu is written in small case to doube the pronunciation. otherwise it wll be pronounced as usual.

The above changes are same to Katakana.

Grammer:

* 'ga' marks the subject of a sentence and puts emphasis on it.
* 'no' signifies that the item before it posesses the item after it.
Ex:anata no - yours,your
* 'o' marks the direct object of a sentence. It tells what or who receives
the action of the verb.
* 'e' shows the direction or destination of a motion.
* 'ka' shows that a sentence is a question.
Ex:
wa--for subject ex:wathachi wa - I am
o -- for object ex: Hon o - book

Nakamura san wa sensei desu.----->Nakamura is a teacher.
Nakamura wa anata no sensei desu.---->Nakamura is your teacher.
Nakamura wa anata no sensei desu ka.--->Is Nakamura your teacher?

The particle "ni" is also used to mark time in a sentence. For example, "I'm leaving at 3 o'clock" (watashi wa sanji ni hanareru).



Links:
Basic Japanese
JLPT 4
Osak Fun club
Osaka Info
iHouse Osaka
Kansai window
Kyoto photos
jobs in Japan for indians
Japanese Video lessons
Japanese guide for grammer
Free japanese lessons
Japanese for tourist
Online japanese school
Nihongo teacher
Japanese using my favorite Anime












Places to visit in japan:
1. Fukuchiyama -Kyoto
2. Koyasan or Mount koya - wakayama prefecture
3.